Improved sugar-grinding mill



G. J. RICE.

Sugar Mill.

Patentedfidg. 14, .1860.

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UNiTnn STATES ATENT rrrcn.

GRAFTON I. RIOE, OF FREDERICK CITY, MARYLAND.

IMPROVED SUGAR-GRINDING MILL.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 29.656, dated August 14, 1860.

.To (ZZZ whom it may concern.-

Be' it known that I, GRAFTON I. Ricn, of Frederick City, in the county of Frederick, in the State of Maryland, have invented new and useful Improvement in Sugar-Grinding Mills; and the following is a clear and exact descrip tion of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, in which Figure 1 represents a side elevation showing the internal arrangements in dotted lines.

Fig. 2 shows a top view of the hopper and.

grinding cylinders having a broken edge in the movable bottom to show where the two cylinders operate together.

My invention relates to machinery for breaking up the lumps and adhesive portions of brown sugar; and it consists in the arrangement and combination of two cylinder rollers having pins or projecting points on the surface of each, both revolving together, one at a speed of about four times to that of the other, and a movable bottom to the hopper, and mechanism for jarring and liberating the adhesive portions and bringing them to the action of the grinding-rollers.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe it, referring to the drawings and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

In the construction of my improved sugargrinding mill I make it principally of smooth hard wood. The two side pieces, A, are square timbers, about the proportion of three by five inches. They are connected together by end pieces, which are made round, the whole being supported on legs B B, which are set bracing, and are kept firmly in their places by a board or table, I), that answers the purpose of a shelf on which to place any vessel to receive the sugar when pulverized. The box or hopper 0, which is placed on top of the frame A,

is made of plank or boards dovetailed together,

the sides and ends being vertical, and is secured to the frame by brackets or clasps of metal d d, and screwed on, so that it may be easily removed when desired. The top ofthe box may be beveled or made sloping at an angle of about forty degrees, the better to receive the sugar as it is being shoveled in, and also to insure always a tight fit, to the lid when it is placed on, as it always should be to keep out the flies and other insects.

' To the under side of the frame A, directly under the grinding-rollers, is secured a hopper, D, it having a sliding bottom, d, to close it up entirely, when desired. Into this hopper D underneath the sugar falls as it leaves the cylinder-rollers, and from it is conducted and discharged into casks or boxes, or anything to receive it.

For the purpose of effectually pulverizing adhesive lumps of sugar, and preparing it in the best possible manner for retailing and use, I use two rollers or cylinders, E and F. They maybe made of hard wood with lOWS of wires or pins driven in at regular intervals and pro jecting out a short distance from the surface; or they may be made of cast metal with projecting points, which will perform the same functions. The rollers E and F are hung on journals 0 and f in boxes, to run as near as they can to each other and one end of the frame A without the pins touching. In the end of the frame next to the roller there is. set a horizontal row of pins, 9 g, which are stationary, to prevent the sugar from falling through without passing between the rollers.

To one end of the shaft 0, which extends out from the cylinder E, there is fastened a cogwhecl, H, crank and handle I, to operate the machine.

On the shaft f, which extends out from the other cylinder, F, there is secured a pinion, h, of about one-fourth thesize of the cog-wheel H, and meshes into it, so that the cylinder F revolves about four times as fast as the cylinder E, and in order to increase the momentum, and help'the machine to operate easily, there may be placedon the opposite end of the shaft f of the fast-roller F a balance or fly wheel, G, of

any size or weight that may be-desired.

About midway of the box or hopper 0 there is fitted a movable bottom, J, hinged or pivoted to the box at the end, is inclined about ten degrees, and extends over the top of the cylinder F, so as to prevent the sugar in the hopper from coming onto or in contact with the roller until it is fed in by the other cylinder, E. The cylinder F, by its rapid motion, acts like a grater, and breaks and pulverizes every lump or course particle of the sugar,

and will grind four times the quantity of any 1 other machine in a given time, not requiring one half the power, while the cylinders clear each other, so that there is no clogging or sticking up the machine, so that it will not grind without stopping and cleaning.

On one end of the quick-speed cylinder F there is a knob, i, which operates against the under side of the movable bottom J, so as to produce ajar at each revolution of the cylinder, by which means all of the sugar in the hopper will be liberated and pass between the rollers. There is a spring, k, secured to the hopper, to act upon the bottom J, and may be placed above or underneath the movable bottom. In the latter place it will not be liable to be affected in its operation by the sugar sticking to it.

My invention does not relate to what is generally understood by the term sugar1nill that is, for mashing and mangling up sugarcane for the purpose of expressing the juice. It is an improvement on the old calender-rolls used by all large grocers and retail sugar-dealers to crush large and adhesive lumps, and gives the mass a light and lively appearance. All of the calender-roller mills or crushers require a very considerable power to operate them when the sugar is dry and the rollers clean and in their best condition, but much of the sugar is so moist and adheres so closely to the rolls and becomes so firmly compressed on them byafew revolutions that it cannot be removed without the aid of a chisel and mallet or power applied to a sharp instrument.

It cannot fail to be seen that by my manner of constructing the grinding-cylinders, and the different motion given to each, that there is not the least likelihood that the sugar in any state can be so compressed as to adhere to either of them; nor can any mass or lump come in contact with the pins while revolving with out being reduced to small particles, and four times the quantity can be prepared in a given time withless than one-half the power applied.

Having thus fully described my invention and its operation, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

The arrangement and combination of two cylinderrollers having pins or projecting points on the surface of each, both revolving together at difierent degrees of speed, in combination with the movable bottom J, which extends over and protects cylinder F from the pressing weight of the sugar and jarring mechanism, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

GRAFTON 1. men.

\Vitnesses DANIEL ORDNER, JOHN RHODES. 

